Explain how search engines work and identify major, minor, and metasearch engines
Read and interpret SERP features, blended search results, the Knowledge Graph, and semantic search
Avoid SEO spam and apply ethical, white-hat optimization practices
Use advanced search operators and distinguish long-tail from short-tail keywords
Understand how user behaviour and intent influence rankings and apply local SEO and paid ads strategies
Recognize and report common spam techniques such as doorway pages, cloaking, and keyword stuffing
