Identify common code smells such as duplicated code, long methods, and large classes
Apply refactoring techniques like Extract Method, Move Method, and Replace Conditional with Polymorphism
Build a solid test suite to verify that refactoring preserves behavior
Improve software design by reducing complexity and increasing maintainability
Recognize when to refactor and when to avoid it, including performance and database considerations
Communicate the value of refactoring to managers and team members
